What are the basic principles of neurorehabilitation?（1） - ictus Center

Neurorehabilitation is a complex medical process designed to aid in recupero from nervous sistema damage and to minimize or compensate for any resulting functional changes. For a long time, due to the influence of the view that "neural cells cannot regenerate after death", the academic community has always believed that it is difficult to recover after severe nerve injury. The practice of clinico riabilitazione medicine has confirmed that: the function of injury and neurologico diseases can be recovered; the brain is plastic, and the function of the brain can be reorganized after brain injury. The list goes on for many brain-injured patients who recover, restore damaged neurologico function, and even return to work. Therefore, mastering the principles of riabilitazione is related to how to make the best recupero from nervous sistema damage.

Common situation

ictus recupero, Cerebral Palsy, Parkinson's Disease, Brain Injury, Hypoxic Brain Injury, Traumatic Brain Injury, Multiple Sclerosis, Post-Political Syndrome, Guillain-Barré Syndrome.

The meaning of neurorehabilitation

By focusing on all aspects of a person, neurorehabilitation offers a range of treatments from psychological to occupational, teaches or retrains the paziente's motor skills, communication processes, and other aspects of the person's daily activities. Neurorehabilitation also focuses on the nutritional, psychological and creative aspects of a person's recupero.

Neurorehabilitation Principles 1 : Early Rehabilitation

At this stage, patients generally show flaccid paralysis, with no voluntary muscle contractions and no joint response, and the body is basically in a state of complete relaxation; it is equivalent to Brunnstrom recupero stage 1-2.

In general, once a paziente's condition has stabilized for 48 to 72 hours, recupero can be considered. The purpose of early riabilitazione is to maximize the preservation of the paziente's remaining functions and to avoid "disuse syndrome" caused by "braking" or "disuse".

Stimulate the nerves and muscles of the lower limbs, migliorare the forza of the muscles of the lower limbs, and prevent muscle atrophy;

migliorare the blood circulation of the lower extremities, strengthen the blood supply, and migliorare the nutritional supply of the lower extremities.

The passive motion at the bedside drives the paziente's limbs to perform active and allenamento passivo through the motor. It stimulates muscle movement through correct movement patterns, stimulates nerve tissue, improves blood circulation in affected limbs, promotes metabolism, increases joint mobilità, and promotes the recupero of arto function.

Neurorehabilitation Principles 2 : Active Rehabilitation

With the in-depth ricerca on the theory and practice of neuroplasticity and functional reorganization in academia, it has been clarified that the recupero and reconstruction of neurologico function after injury is largely practice-dependent, time-dependent and dose-dependent in riabilitazione trattamento. of. Active riabilitazione emphasizes that patients actively complete neurologico activities, rather than relying on passive movement.

Therefore, in order to achieve the "maximum" effect of neurorehabilitation, it must rely on the paziente's active participation in various neurologico activities. Passive riabilitazione methods should be minimized.

Through the mode of "upper arto drives lower limbs, healthy side drives the affected side, and one arto drives three limbs", it helps patients to do active esercizio allenamento for early functional movements.

The upper arto is a "stretch and reach" movement pattern, and the lower arto is a "pedal and step" pattern, which is beneficial to the reconstruction of the movement program after ictus.

Neurorehabilitation Principles 3 : Appropriate Rehabilitation

This principle is relative to the improper uso of riabilitazione techniques. Only by using appropriate riabilitazione techniques can the neurologico function move forward along the correct riabilitazione trajectory and avoid detours. For example, spasticità is an inevitable phase of recupero for nearly every brain-injured paziente. Improper allenamento of upper and lower extremity forza can aggravate the spastic pattern of upper extremity flexors and lower extensor muscles, and eventually leave patients with disabilities. It can even be said that "improper allenamento is worse than no allenamento".